2019-20 ACT Costs, Fees and Waivers

Obesity And Its Effects On Society - 1455 Words

Obesity has been around for a decade that affects millions of people of the nation of the United States every day. According to the textbook â€Å"Understanding Psychology†, obesity is body weight that is more than 20% above the average weight for a person of a particular height (Feldman, 2012, pg. 325). This health problem not only affects adults but also a lot of children. Obesity has increased over the past decade, particularly people that are facing obesity are using inadequately devise diets. Of course there are many causes for this health problem that maybe it is not easy to avoid for numerous amounts of individuals. Our nation has increasingly become consumers of a fast food diet. Overweight people are affected by physical and emotional health problems, a few of the most common physical problems related to obesity and has affected people include, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, intense asthma, sleeping problems, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which most commonly affects women and affects women’s hormone levels, ovulation, and causing women to have enlarged ovaries. According to the article, â€Å"Your Brain on Food: Obesity, Fasting, and Addiction†, Wilson, states that what a person eats can change their physical appearance, it alters how their body functions, making it more or less difficult to pump blood, grow healthy bones or also process insulin (Wilson, 2012, pg.1). Obesity not only affects your body and weight, but it also alters your brain. AsShow MoreRelatedObesity And Its Effects On Society1303 Words   |  6 PagesObesity and its Effects on Society ‘America is fat’, this statement repeated by numerous people in and out of healthcare profession and if someone don’t believe this statement, maybe the following statistic will change our mind. According to (CDC) Center for Diseases Control and prevention, obesity rate grew 65% between 1990 and 2002(Su). Still not convince? When most Americans read that statistics they have single question is ‘Why?’ How is the rate of obesity growing so fast? Is this the way weRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Society923 Words   |  4 Pagesscare some into not eating unhealthy as often, if at all. There will certainly be people will not be affected by the changes and continue to follow through with their usual habits, but there will be others who may end up moving to the other side. Obesity in the U.S. has increased substantially over time; according to the American Psychological Association, the rate has tripled within the last quarter century, and statistics con tinue to worsen regarding the matter (The Impact of Food Advertising†)Read MoreObesity And Its Effects On Society997 Words   |  4 PagesIt is not what one does or how one looks, but it is the reaction of society or how society reacts that determines if an act is deviant or not (Goode, 2011). Obesity adheres to Goffman’s typology of stigma and deviance; abomination of the body and blemish of individual character (Goode, 2011). Terms such â€Å"Hog Bodies† or â€Å"Pigs in Human suits† are frequently used because the majority considers obesity as a product of immoral or deviant behavior. Furthermore, individuals that are not fat believeRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On Society And Government1352 Words   |  6 Pagesin 1960- is an issue that has been ignored for long enough and must become a matter that is acknowledged and discussed. Obesity affects both society and government; Therefore, society and government alike are responsible for facilitating this epidemic. In order to fight this health crisis, society should educate and encourage individuals about the risks and preventions of obesity but should not associate weight with a concrete appearance that cannot be broken, and government should should offer incentivesRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Today s Society2252 Words   |  10 Pagesa higher risk of developing coronary heart disease and other conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, sleep apnea, and the list just keeps going on. Some of the reasons that more and more people are becoming overweight in today’s society is for starts, the prices of unhealthy foods at supermarkets and fast food restaurants. The healthier food options are much more expensive than the unhealthy options. If someone wanted to go to a McDonalds to buy a cheeseburger for example, they couldRead MoreThe Reason Of Obesity And Obesity998 Words   |  4 PagesObesity Introduction: In these days, rates of overweight and obesity are growth faster in Australia. Fourteen million Australians are overweight or obese. More than five million Australians are obese. Australian adults (63%) are overweight or obese, almost 2 in 3. And children (25%) are overweight or obese. Obesity has overtaken smoking as the crucial cause of death and illness in Australia. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are 1.9 times as likely as non-indigenous Australians toRead MoreEffects Of The Fast Food Industry On Canadians1263 Words   |  6 Pages This paper will look at the effects of the fast food industry on Canadians, specifically, the raise of obesity in Canada due to the wide availability of fast foods. This topic is covered by providing a background about obesity, examining the health consequences, the economic impact, and looking at the social impact and the psychosocial impact on individuals diagnosed as obese. The paper was researched by reading about the subject matter in peer-reviewed journals and grey literature. The search termsRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On People, Cancers And Type 2 Diabetes1252 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Obesity has become a growing issue in the recent years and its increasing trend is now referred to as a ‘pandemic’ by many researchers and scientists. With a  £3.2 billion currently estimated cost of overweight and obesity to the NHS, one can understand the growing interest in this matter. This essay is going to discuss the bad effects of obesity on people, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers and type-2 diabetes. Then, this essay will talk about the causes, and how junk food andRead MoreObesity Is A Major Problem1234 Words   |  5 Pagesfour decades, the rate of obesity in America has been on the increasing end; two out of three Americans are either obese or overweight. The obesity epidemic has become a major problem in the United States which caused many serious effects on individual and society. It is an indiscriminate problem that negatively affect everyone from adults to children; which is a significant threat to the health of humanity that needs to be elimi nated. First, we need to know what obesity is. According to OxfordRead MoreHuman Related Obesity1090 Words   |  4 PagesIs obesity a disease or a human related cause? Researchers have studied this question for years and have come to a variety of different conclusions. Some believe that obesity is a disease and can only be prevented by medications, while others believe that obesity is a human related cause and can be only prevented by a healthy diet and exercise. The American Medical Association (AMA) recently announced that obesity is officially a disease. Dr. Patrice Harris, a member of the American Medical Association

Assessment Methods - 1351 Words

Critically evaluate a range of assessment methods for a specific group of learners. The 12 principles of Good Assessment and Feedback were produced by Academic Policy Committee and agreed by Senate in 2008. They are intended to help academic staffs who wishes to promote student engagement and self-regulation in learning http://www.strath.ac.uk/learnteach/teaching/staff/assessfeedback/12principles/16.30on 12/05/2010 The principles of good assessment are Help clarify what good performance is. Encourage time and effort on challenging learning tasks. Deliver high quality feedback information that helps learners self-correct. Provide opportunities to close any gap between current and desired performance. Ensure that summative†¦show more content†¦Marking for grading is relatively fast providing the criteria are simple. Essays: These are applicable to any topic that requires the ability to construct and sustain a written argument. There are several types of essays that test different styles of writing and types of thinking. They can measure understanding, synthesis and evaluation, providing you asks the right questions. They are relatively easy to set and mark for grading based on impressionistic marking is fast. However, it is essential to determine the marking scheme before you start marking and then share it with the students — or better still, get them involved in drawing up the marking criteria/scheme and/or suggesting additional personal criteria. It is also worth having a formal student peer-review system on drafts prior to submission. Case Studies: These can range from simple vignettes illustrating issues in the practice of a discipline, through to complex sets of documentation which may require analysis and research. Solutions can range from short answer questions to complex plans or proposals. They have potential for measuring application of knowledge, analysis, problem-solving, evaluative skills and principles applicable to real-world situations. They can reach all the way up Bloom s taxonomy to synthesis and evaluation levels. Short cases are relatively easy to design and mark. Marking for grading and feedback are about asShow MoreRelatedAssessment Methods1038 Words   |  5 PagesASSESSMENT METHODS What is assessment? Black and William (1998) declare that the term assessment is generally used to refer to all activities teachers use to help students learn and to gauge student progress. There are many different forms of assessment, however they can generally be divided into two main categories; formative and summative which can be formal or informal. Formative assessment focuses on the gap between where a learner is in their learning, and where they need to be. MarshallRead MoreMethods in Performing Assessment962 Words   |  4 Pages A) Principles of assessments. B) Peer and self assessment. C) Feedback and questioning. D) Types of assessment records. Principles of assessments VALIDITY A valid form of assessment measures what it supposes to be measured. â€Å"A valid assessment must also assess a sample of the abilities that are required in the curriculum† (Ian Reece, 2007, teaching, training and learning) Fairness: Fairness censures that everyone has an equal chance of getting a good assessment. â€Å"All learners areRead MoreThe Assessment Methods That Can Be Used2434 Words   |  10 PagesThere are various assessment methods that can be used in different scenarios for different reasons. Observation Observation is one of the primarily assessments and will be used most often as you should be observing the learners at all times to make sure that learning is taking place. You need to be observant for things such as body language or actions such as raised hands in case a learner has missed something or has a question to ask. You also need to be observant to any hazards within your learningRead MoreTwo Methods Of Formative Assessment1377 Words   |  6 PagesAMAL ABDULAZIZ SUMMARY This paper is about two methods of formative assessment used to improve students’ achievements, The present literature on assessment suggests that assessment for learning (formative assessment) not only represents a tool to assess students’ learning but it also serves as a pedagogical tool to enhance learning and thinking. Moreover, formative assessment is used collaboratively by both teachers and learners to enhance learning; adjust teaching and learning activities; and provideRead MoreDesigning A Program For The Assessment Method Essay747 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to (Allen Tanner, 2006, and Reedy, 2007) developing rubrics follows several steps; defining the learning objectives of the course, decide upon the assessment methods that would be employed to assess the achievement of the learning goals of the course, describe the criteria and the levels of performance for the assessment method as would be applicable in the course. Anglin, et al (2008) felt the rubri c is an attempt to quantify qualitative judgment. This occurs by documenting observableRead MoreFormal Methods Of Assessment For Students2312 Words   |  10 PagesFORMAL METHODS OF ASSESSMENT Introduction Formative assessment is a form assessment that occurs within a short period of time in the process of evaluating how students understand and integrate the new information they are learning. The techniques of formal assessment also assess how the students integrate the new information with what they already know. The learners get feedback immediately and they are able to change their learning behavior to improve their scores. They are also able to change theirRead MoreThe Assessment Practices And Methods Essay1878 Words   |  8 Pages2.1 Introduction This case study investigates the assessment practices and methods, as well as the procedures and policies in place within a Victorian non-government catholic primary school in Australia. It is located among the metropolitan area of Melbourne in the western suburbs. The school has been opened since 2004 and has an enrolment of approximately around three hundred and fifty students. The school emphasizes highly on working together with the whole community to implement positive relationshipsRead MoreAssessment Methods in Assessing Vocational Achievement1211 Words   |  5 PagesReflection on different assessment methods Throughout my work with candidates I use number of different assessment methods as well as assessment categories. Assessment is a number of different methods which are used to evaluate performance and can be used measured against set criteria. I use formative assessment throughout the process so that every time I interact with the candidate I assess their achievement of LO to guide the learning process which informs my decision about the next stage ofRead MoreAssessment Methods For A Learner s Knowledge2396 Words   |  10 PagesAssessment Methods There are various assessment methods that can be used in different scenarios for different reasons. Observation Observation is one of the primary assessments and will be used often, as you should be observing the learners’ at all times ensuring that learning is taking place. You need to be observant of body language or actions such as raised hands in case a learner has missed something or has a question to ask. You also need to be observant to any hazards within your learningRead MoreStrengths and Limitations of Assessment Methods1214 Words   |  5 PagesStrengths and limitations of different assessment methods Assessment Method | Strengths | Limitations | Direct Observation | Allows the assessor to see the candidate in action and may be able to cover several aspects of the qualification during a single session (see also Holistic)The observation can take place while the candidate’s normal work place so there is minimal disruption as they are able to continue to do their job while being assessed. | A fixed date and time must be arranged to suit

Ancient Civilizations Ancient Mesopotamian Descent Essay

As long as there has been people living in communion with one another, there have been different set societies. Being a part of a society, however does not mean that community holds the technical definition of a civilization. In order for a society to also wear the title of civilization, it is necessary to develop a form of writing and a system to accompany it (McCants, 28) The first recorded of western civilizations to be established were those of Mesopotamian descent, located in the city-state of Sumer or what is now known as present day Iraq (Crawford, 73). In Sumer, this writing system, defining them as the first known civilization was known as cuneiform and has proved difficult to translate. The location of Sumer, found between the Tigris and Euphrates River, provided the civilization with the fertile soil needed in order for the Sumerians to begin to sustain themselves and flourish in society with a significant emphasis on agriculture (McCants, 28). Although the location of Sum er played an important factor into how the Sumerians lived their lives, it was the gods of Mesopotamia which carried the most influence. Therefore, the ancient Sumerians had to live a life based on appeasing the gods because of the imperative role of the god Enki and the role of humans have on Earth through giving the priesthoods an elevated role in society, practicing rituals for the gods, and living their lives based on a strict set of rules. The Sumerians worshiped many gods and each godShow MoreRelatedThe Sumerian Goddess Of Sexual Love And Warfare4034 Words   |  17 PagesMesopotamian theology defined the gods as rulers and human beings as their servants, with nature being an object to be managed for the profit and well being of both. Consequently, deity worship plays a significant role in both the daily and religious lives of the ancient population; the two are undeniably intertwined. One of the most important goddesses in the Mesopotamian pantheon, and the one with which this paper will be concerned, is Inana. As the Sumerian goddess of sexual love and warfare,Read MoreEssay on Comparison of Judaism and Islam1508 Words   |  7 Pagesthat these religions should share a common belief of creation and patriarchy, since the roots of these two are to be found in the basin of Mesopotamia, in the â€Å"Fertile Crescent† of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. There, in the ancient civilization of Sumeria, the descent of the Patriarchs of the Bible can be traced to an historical basis: â€Å"Abraham was probably born in the Sumerian City of Ur four thousand years ago a scholar invented a label for the descendents of Shem; he called them SemitesRead MoreWomen Of The Ancient Greek Work, The Iliad And The Mesopotamian Epic Of Gilgamesh2549 Words   |  11 PagesRoles of women in the ancient times have been generally been limited to household, childbearing, childrearing, performing domestic chores like cooking, weaving and providing comforts to their husbands and families. Many of the primitive societies were male dominated and women were considered inferior creature dependent on their male guardians throughout life. Historic accounts and epics of specific periods describe the role assigned to genders in those societies. This paper talks about the role ofRead MoreAlexander The Great Was The Greatest War Leader, Genius, And Ruler Essay1767 Words   |  8 Pagesafter, adopted cultures during the Hellenistic fusion, although other cultures were spread, as well. During the Hellenistic Age, while Alexander travelled from country to country to expand his empire, â€Å"Greek civilization spread to the Near East in the wake of [his] conquests, and Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Persian, and Jewish traditions--particularly in religious beliefs--moved westward† (Perry, 90). This spread of culture and religion caused Greeks to establish and settle into new towns and citiesRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of American Hegemony4258 Words   |  18 Pageshegemon for leader. It is also a political, economic, ideological or cultural power exerted by a dominant group over other groups, regardless of the explicit consent of the latter. While initially referring to the political dominance of certain ancient Greek city-states over their neighbors, the term has come to be used in a variety of other contexts, in particular Marxist philosopher Antonio Gramscis theory of cultural hegemony. The term is often mistakenly used to suggest brute power or dominanceRead Mor eWomen s Status Of Women2483 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Throughout history and civilization women seem to have been in a constant state of evolution either towards a submissive role or a strong role but nonetheless, changing. This paper will discuss women from the lower and middle ranks in history and their status in the various civilizations. This paper argues that the status of lower and middle class women deteriorated over time and only the Paleolithic period seemed to comprise of a gender-neutral society. THE STATUS OF WOMEN OVERRead MoreOutline Of Major Depressive Disorder2556 Words   |  11 Pagesdocumentation of melancholia appeared in the ancient texts of the Mesopotamian population. It was then believed that all mental illness was a result of demonic possession and could only be healed by the power of a priest. It was not until much later that the first historical understanding of depression as a spiritual or mental illness was recorded. According to historical documentation, populations such as the ancient Greeks, Romans, Chinese and Egyptian civilizations had controversial thinking about the

Visual art analysis Free Essays

French occupation. The painting also evokes neither the people of Madrid nor Spanish troops who rose up against the invader and to protect their love and respect land. The most remarkable of the painting is the man In the white shirt that was standing in front of the Napoleon troops took place on the left hand side of the painting. We will write a custom essay sample on Visual art analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now His clothes are white and clean contrasting to the other townspeople who were wearing dirty with blood stained. HIS snowy presents purity ND also Is believing of religion as well. He Is holding his arm In an unmistakable reference which shapes like a V and does salary to the Christ on the cross explores peace and Independent. Thus, It also suggests the audiences that he Is a martyr for the rest of the town. As a consequence of his stance, his left hand was polluting to the church at the background conveys Ideology of their religion which Is Catholic; his others hand are above the townspeople’s heads symbolizes as a shield of protection. The man in the white shirt is standing out in the darkness of the sky. The dark sky is successfully represents the feeling of sadness and hopeless of the townspeople to audiences. Besides, there is a puddle blood in the foreground with a dead body on that. Though, there is a group of Spanish troops in the middle of the painting were standing with hands over their faces emphasizes that they were suffering and sorrowful with a great lost. Those events encounter the Napoleon’s troops that lining up with guns. The guns were holding up between their faces and shoulders level pointing straight to the townspeople. The troops took place on the right hand side of the painting. They were wearing full uniform with hats and black shoes represents powerful and unity. They face were showing no mercy and inspirited. The visual techniques used by French Soya plays an important role in the painting. The artist has uses many visual techniques such as facial expression, colors, contrast and vectors. There are many facial expressions to communicate character’s feeling to audiences namely inhumanity from the Napoleon’s troops and feelings of pain, suffering or even nervous of the Spanish which was an outcome of war. Other technique is contrast; it used to created outstanding of the characters usual art analysis By bounyalisouvankham their love and respect land. The most remarkable of the painting is the man in the townspeople who were wearing dirty with blood stained. His snowy presents purity and also is believing of religion as well. He is holding his arm in an unmistakable reference which shapes like a V and does similar to the Christ on the cross explores peace and independent. Thus, it also suggests the audiences that he is a martyr for the rest of the town. As a consequence of his stance, his left hand was pointing to the church at the background conveys ideology of their religion which is Catholic; How to cite Visual art analysis, Papers

Street Food Vs Restaurant for Cleanliness- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theStreet Food Vs Restaurantfor Cleanliness. Answer: Introduction: Street food vs Restaurants in one of my projects that I have done both at work and for personal reasons. The main objectives for this project were to identify the preference of common people based on taste, decorations, cleanliness and other factors, to identify the nature of problems for the people in both cases, to identify the satisfaction level and public demand (Adjrah et al., 2013). Purpose of this study is to evaluate the project according to the basic steps of initiation, planning, execution of the project and closure. Summary of the project may reveal other improved methods to complete the project. Project Idea: Outside food, rather fast food is one of the most discussable topic now-a-days. Within their hectic daily schedule, people often look to eat food from outside (Counihan Van Esterik, 2012). Now the matter comes of taste and hygiene, and following those concept the outside sources can be classified into street food and restaurants. Street food can be described as fast food, sold by a vendor or a hawker in some public places like a street, a market or somewhere in a fair. This food items can be regional or can be of different origin. These are sold from small shops, food carts or food trucks. Generally these foods are tasty but there is a real concern in hygienic issues (Rahman et al., 2016). Restaurant is a structural establishment that provides accommodation to people while eating. It is a bigger version of outside food serving. They prepare the food on demand and the food is eaten on premises, though many restaurants provides take away facility. This can be understood as a franchise operation. Although there are hygienic issues but restaurants generally prepares food as per requirement (Soon, Baines Seaman, 2012). Project Life-Cycle: A project is a collaboration of different tasks which together build up a clear description on the subject matter (Saunders, Lewis, 2012). Project Initiation: Real objective of the process was to identify public nature and demand towards the food served in restaurants against that of street food. Another objective was to compare the taste and hygiene of the foods served in both the places. To initiate the project, I selected few street food centres and restaurants all over the city. All of the restaurants have various specialization where the street food shops have almost common menu (Lucan et al., 2013). I selected a few common dishes which are available to both the street food shops and restaurants. Project Planning: I had to compare the taste and hygiene of the food items that I had chosen. For that, I decided to take the help of food critics. In this case, technological advances had been proved to be a lot of help. I read the reviews of some food critics on those food items from certain websites, which helped me to compare between the qualities of foods among the restaurants. However, the street food centres do not own websites, therefore I had to talk the people who have eaten there and make a note of it. I also planned to taste those foods for once from each site. To check the public demands I planned to talk with management of this shops to check their sales. For better results I decided to track the sales on a weekly basis. Project Execution: To obtain an appropriate result, the street food centres and restaurants were chosen in such a way that they were spread all long the city (Thomas, 2013). Every day I visited one restaurant and one street food centre to inspect on one particular food item. I used to taste the food and talk to the people afterwards. After gathering the information, I used to talk to the management of the business to know the details of their sales and services. Each day I made a separate not of the detail provided by the management and customers. To maintain the project, I used to cycle the routine in an interval of one week. Project Termination: This information gathering and comparing and contrasting on the basis of those information had been continued for three months. During this time, I critically analysed the data I had gathered and had constructed a report showing the public demands. The report also described the similarities and dissimilarities among the nature of the people towards fast food. It was noted that although many people prefers costly but hygienic food of the restaurants, most of the people prefer street foods for their high availability, low time consumption and low costs. Project Summary: Overall the project provided a clear view of peoples choice, demands and preferences over the establishments those sell fast food. The total project had been done one the basis of information derived from the customers and the management of the businesses. Some of the information had been derived from critical reviews of food critics from certain websites. Through this project ample evidences can be provided to develop a compare and contrast between street food and restaurant but a few other techniques could enhance the outcome of the project further. The street food centres could have been chosen after identifying the favourite street hub of people. To identify the quality and hygiene related issues more critics reviews should be gathered (Schlosser, 2012). Problems of the vendors should be accounted to understand that if there is any effect of those in providing the services of the customers. One more month could be added to the project for better result. During the termination of the project, an expert guidance could become a good help for me to understand that if any other requirement of the project remain unfulfilled. Conclusion: The report provides a clear description of the life cycle of a project. It concludes that food from outside can be tastier from homemade food at sometimes, but they are not as hygienic as homemade foods. The two sources of outside foods, street foods and restaurants consist some common and opposite features. Depending on the circumstances people chooses their source of outside foods. The summary of the project provides some more tools that can be used to enhance the project. References: Adjrah, Y., Soncy, K., Anani, K., Blewussi, K., Karou, D. S., Ameyapoh, Y., ... Gbeassor, M. (2013). Socio-economic profile of street food vendors and microbiological quality of ready-to-eat salads in Lom.International Food Research Journal,20(1). Counihan, C., Van Esterik, P. (Eds.). (2012).Food and culture: A reader. Routledge. Lucan, S. C., Varona, M., Maroko, A. R., Bumol, J., Torrens, L., Wylie-Rosett, J. (2013). Assessing mobile food vendors (aka street food vendors)methods, challenges, and lessons learned for future food-environment research.Public health,127(8), 766-776. Rahman, M. M., Arif, M. T., Bakar, K., bt Talib, Z. (2016). Food safety knowledge, attitude and hygiene practices among the street food vendors in Northern Kuching city, Sarawak.Borneo Science,31. Saunders, M. N., Lewis, P. (2012).Doing research in business management: An essential guide to planning your project. Pearson. Schlosser, E. (2012).Fast food nation: The dark side of the all-American meal. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Soon, J. M., Baines, R., Seaman, P. (2012). Meta-analysis of food safety training on hand hygiene knowledge and attitudes among food handlers.Journal of food protection,75(4), 793-804. Thomas, G. (2013).How to do your research project: A guide for students in education and applied social sciences. Sage.

Bipolar Disorder2 Essay Example For Students

Bipolar Disorder2 Essay The word bipolar is defined as relating to, associated with, or occurring in two polar regions7. Bipolar disorder is a concept described as a mental illness in which a person experiences dramatic mood swings. This disorder affects one in every one hundred people. Bipolar disorder is the technical term for manic-depressive illness. The first known history of bipolar disorder was in 1922. Emil Kraepelin, director of the Research Institute of Psychiatry, developed the first categories of mental illnesses4. Manic-depressive psychosis (bipolar disorder) and dementia praecox (now called schizophrenia) are two categories he defined. What Are the Stages and Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder? There are two recurring stages of bipolar disorder. Each stage is generally followed by a period of normalcy. The following section of the report will analyze the stages of bipolar episodes, and describe the symptoms of each. Mania. Symptoms include elated, expansive, or irritable mood, hyperactivity, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, inflated self esteem, decreased need for sleep, distractibility, and excessive involvement in reckless activities (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). Rarest symptoms were periods of loss of all interest and retardation or As the National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (MDMDA) has demonstrated, bipolar disorder can create substantial developmental delays, marital and family disruptions, occupational setbacks, and financial disasters. This devastating disease causes disruptions of families, loss of jobs and millions of dollars in cost to society. Many times bipolar patients report that the depressions are longer and increase in frequency as the individual ages. Many times bipolar states and psychotic states are misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. Speech patterns help distinguish between the two disorders (Lish, 1994). The onset of Bipolar disorder usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 30 years of age, with a second peak in the mid-forties for women. A typical bipolar patient may experience eight to ten episodes in their lifetime. However, those who have rapid cycling may experience more episodes of mania and depression that succeed each other without a The three stages of mania begin with hypomania, in which patients report that they are energetic, extroverted and assertive (Hirschfeld, 1995). The hypomania state has led observers to feel that bipolar patients are addicted to their mania. Hypomania progresses into mania and the transition is marked by loss of judgment (Hirschfeld, 1995). Often, euphoric grandiose characteristics are displayed, and paranoid or irritable characteristics begin to manifest. The third stage of mania is evident when the patient experiences delusions with often paranoid themes. Speech is generally rapid and hyperactive behavior manifests sometimes associated with violence (Hirschfeld, 1995). When both manic and depressive symptoms occur at the same time it is called a mixed episode. Those afflicted are a special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that makes them feel like they could jump out of their skin(Hirschfeld, 1995). Up to 50% of all patients with mania have a mixture of depressed moods. .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .postImageUrl , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:hover , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:visited , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:active { border:0!important; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:active , .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517 .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u46e1c47f5a7f4697f4e54553db5d7517:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: May day and USA Essay Patients report feeling dysphoric, depressed, and unhappy; yet, they exhibit the energy associated with mania. Rapid cycling mania is another presentation of bipolar disorder. Mania may be present with four or more distinct episodes within a 12 month period. There is now evidence to suggest that sometimes rapid cycling may be a transient manifestation of the bipolar disorder. This form of the disease exhibits more episodes of mania and depression than bipolar. Lithium has been the primary treatment of bipolar disorder since its introduction in the 1960s. It is main function is to stabilize the cycling characteristic of bipolar disorder. In four controlled studies by F. K. Goodwin .